Acetic acid production's application fields

Application fields of acetic acid

Industrial use

1. Acetic acid is a bulk chemical product and one of the most important organic acids. It is mainly used to produce acetic anhydride, acetate and cellulose acetate. Polyvinyl acetate can be made into film and adhesive, and is also the raw material of synthetic fiber vinylon. Cellulose acetate can be used to make rayon and film.

2. Acetate formed by lower alcohol is an excellent solvent and is widely used in the paint industry. Because acetic acid dissolves most organic substances, acetic acid is also a commonly used organic solvent (for example, for the oxidation of p-xylene to produce terephthalic acid).

3. Acetic acid can be used in some pickling and polishing solutions, as a buffer in weak acidic solutions (such as zinc plating and electroless nickel plating), as an additive in semi bright nickel plating electrolyte, to improve the binding force of passivation film in zinc and cadmium passivation solutions, and often used to adjust the pH of weak acidic plating solutions.

4. It is used for the production of acetate, such as manganese, sodium, lead, aluminum, zinc, cobalt and other metal salts, and is widely used as a catalyst, an auxiliary in fabric dyeing and leather tanning industry; Lead acetate is the paint color lead white; Lead tetraacetic acid is an organic synthetic reagent (for example, lead tetraacetic acid can be used as a strong oxidant, a source of acetoxy, and the preparation of organic lead compounds).

5. Acetic acid can also be used as analytical reagent, organic synthesis, pigment and drug synthesis.

Food use

In the food industry, acetic acid is used as an acidifier, a flavor enhancer and a spice. In the production of synthetic vinegar, acetic acid is diluted to 4-5% with water and various flavoring agents are added. The flavor is similar to that of alcohol, and the production time is short and the price is cheap. It can be used as an acid flavoring agent to prepare vinegar, canned food, jelly and cheese. It can be used in an appropriate amount according to production needs. It can also be used as a flavor enhancer of koji flavor liquor, with a dosage of 0.1-0.3 g / kg.

Acetic acid safety measures

Electrostatic effect: possible polymerization hazard

Hazard characteristics: it can react strongly with oxidant and react violently with sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. It is corrosive to metal after dilution.

Acetic acid with high concentration is corrosive and can cause skin burns, permanent blindness of eyes and inflammation of mucosa. Therefore, appropriate protection is required. The above burns or blisters may not appear immediately, and most of them appear several hours after exposure. Latex gloves can not provide protection, so special gloves, such as nitrile rubber gloves, should be worn when handling acetic acid. Concentrated acetic acid is difficult to burn in the laboratory. However, when the ambient temperature reaches 39 ℃ (102 ℉), it has a combustible threat. Above this temperature, acetic acid can be mixed with air to explode (explosion limit 4% ~ 17% volume concentration).

The harm of acetic acid is related to the concentration of acetic acid solution. The following table exemplifies the EU classification of acetic acid solution:

Because of the strong irritating smell and corrosive vapor, acetic acid with an operating concentration of more than 25% should be carried out under the eye mask. Dilute acetic acid solutions, such as vinegar, are harmless. However, ingestion of high concentration acetic acid solution is harmful to human and animal health.

Leakage treatment

Pollution emission category: Z

Leakage treatment: cut off the fire source, wear protective glasses, gas mask and acid resistant work clothes, and wash the spilled material with a large amount of water to make it flow into the channel and be diluted quickly, so as to reduce the harm to human body.

Fire extinguishing method

Use mist water, dry powder, alcohol resistant foam, carbon dioxide and fire extinguishing. Keep containers in the fire site cool with water. Mist water is used to disperse the steam and drive away the leakage liquid, so that the dilution becomes a non combustible mixture. And spray with water to stop the leakage.

First aid measures

Skin contact: skin contact: rinse with water first, then wash thoroughly with soap.

Eye contact: when the eyes are irritated, rinse them with water and then wipe them with dry cloth. If serious, send them to the hospital for treatment.

Inhalation: if the inhalation of vapor causes the patient to leave the contaminated area, rest and keep warm.

Ingestion: gargle immediately after ingestion, give emetic to induce vomiting, and send to hospital for treatment.

Protective measures

Respiratory system protection: when the depth concentration in the air exceeds the standard, the gas mask shall be worn.

Eye protection: wear chemical safety glasses.

Hand protection: wear rubber gloves.

Others: shower and change clothes after work. Do not bring work clothes into the living area.