Acetic acid's physical properties

Physical properties of acetic acid

Melting point: 16.6 ℃

Boiling point: 117.9 ℃

Density: 1.05g/cm3

Flash point: 39 ℃ (CC)

Refractive index: 1.371 (20 ℃)

Saturated vapor pressure: 1.52kpa (20 ℃)

Critical temperature: 321.6 ℃

Critical pressure: 5.78mpa

Ignition temperature: 426 ℃

Upper explosive limit (V / V): 16.0%

Lower explosive limit (V / V): 5.4%

Appearance: colorless transparent liquid

Solubility: soluble in water, ethanol, ether, glycerol, insoluble in carbon disulfide

Molecular structure of acetic acid

The crystal structure of acetic acid shows that the molecules are bound by hydrogen bonds to form dimer (also known as dimer), and the dimer also exists in the vapor state at 120 ℃. The dimer has high stability. It has been proved that carboxylic acids with small molecular weight such as formic acid and acetic acid exist in the form of dimer in the solid and liquid state, or even in the gas state, through the freezing point lowering determination of molecular weight and X-ray diffraction. When acetic acid is dissolved in water, the hydrogen bond between the dimers will break quickly. Other carboxylic acids have similar dimerization.  

Molecular structure data of acetic acid

Molar refractive index: 12.87

Molar volume (cm3 / mol): 56.1

Isotonic specific volume (90.2 K): 133.5

Surface tension (dyne / cm): 31.9

Polarizability (10-24 cm3): 5.10

Acetic acid computational chemistry data

Reference value for hydrophobic parameter calculation (xlogp): - 0.2

Number of hydrogen bond donors: 1

Number of hydrogen bond receptors: 2

Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 0

Number of tautomers: 0

Topological molecular polar surface area: 37.3

Number of heavy atoms: 4

Surface charge: 0

Complexity: 31

Number of isotope atoms: 0

Determine the number of atomic stereocenters: 0

Number of indeterminate atomic stereocenters: 0

Determine the number of chemical bond steric centers: 0

Number of indeterminate chemical bond steric centers: 0

Number of covalent bond units: 1

Acetic acid safety information

Safety terminology

Do not inhale gas / smoke / steam / spray.

Avoid skin and eye contact.

After eye contact, immediately rinse with plenty of water and seek medical advice.

Wear appropriate protective clothing, gloves and eye / face protection.

In case of accident or feeling unwell, seek medical attention immediately (show the label when possible).

Risk terminology

Flammable.

Cause severe burns.